Slavery and The Tropicalia Movement in Brazil - 1025 Words

Starting in 1538, nearly four million Africans were taken from Ghana, Nigeria, Angola, Congo and Mozambique to be forced into slavery in Brazil’s sugar plantations and mining industries. The slave trade was eradicated in 1850, and by 1871 the Brazilian legislature passed the Law of the Free Womb. This law was designed to grant freedom to slave’s newborn children and served as a precursor to the abolition of slavery in 1888. They made home for themselves in Brazil, as it had the largest amount of African diaspora. Former slaves and their descendants established an Afro Brazilian culture and the cultural traditions, notably musical, brought along with them inevitably mingled with those of Brazil. They brought new rhythmic complexities and melodic patterns with them, and were recognized for using music as way of bringing people together through communal participation. Their musical traditions have maintained very well preserved and were legitimate contributions to Brazilâ €™s culture. Afro Brazilian influences became fundamental components for a new generation of musicians in Brazil, and pride in their African roots flourished for the first time. On a typical evening in Brazil, an overabundance of vibrant rhythms and people on every corner are embellished in eccentric fashion filled the streets. Percussion beats, bells, trumpets, whistles and other instruments sound through the streets as people dance or play along. Music is a defining factor of identity in Brazilian culture.

The American Gothic in The Fall of the House of Usher by...

The end of the eighteenth century brought about the beginning of a new genre of literature in America; the American Gothic. Already a popular genre in Europe, this new strain of literature in America arose to create a rather abrupt contrast to the Enlightenment foundations upon which American was born. Instead of concerning subjects of liberty and the pursuit of happiness; key elements of the American dream, American Gothic literature embodies and gives voice to the dark nightmare that is the underside of the American dream (Savoy, 2003, pg. 167) Although containing many similar elements to that of its European counterpart, American Gothic has its own distinct features that make it particularly American. These features include†¦show more content†¦2). Gothic tales rely upon and are defined as being tales of mystery and horror. According to A Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory, the Gothic tale contains a strong element of the supernatural... monstrous apparition s and curses; a stupefying atmosphere of doom and gloom ... wicked tyrants, malevolent witches, demonic powers of an unspeakably hideous aspect, and a proper complement of spooky effects and clanking spectre (Cuddon, 2012; Gothic novel/fiction). Edgar Allan Poe is well known across the globe for his Gothic tales. The Fall of the House of Usher exhibits many of the above characteristics which make it a mystifying and terror filled classic work of Gothic fiction. However, as Poes short story is a piece of American Gothic there are a number of specific features that make it distinctly American. Poe opens his short story with a quote by De Beranger which translates to His/her heart is a poised lute; as soon as it is touched, it resounds, immediately Poe casts an eerie spell over the reader sucking one in to this mystifying fiction. The language Poe uses to create an atmosphere of doom and gloom is impressive, words like dull, dark and soundless, hung oppressively low and insufferable gloom (Poe, pg.1) show the repetition of broad vowel sounds a, o and u. This assonance serves to slow down reading of the line and creates a desolate atmospheric feeling. The first distinct American element ofShow MoreRelated A Critical Essay on Edgar Allan Poe’s The Fall of the House of Usher (1839)1221 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"architecture and settings are more important in Gothic fiction than in any other type of literature†¦all architectural elements are closely connected with Gothic protagonists and the plot.† (Zamfir. 2011: 15). This critical essay will first consider and analyse this statement and investigate the style, language and form of the American author Edgar Allan Poe’s (1809-1849) macabre and Gothic fictional prose The Fall of the House of Usher (1839) (Poe. 1987: 1). I shall present and argue how the artisticRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe Biography. By. Alyssa Marshall.1260 Words   |  6 Pages Edgar Allan Poe Biography By Alyssa Marshall Mrs. Guinn English III March 6, 2017 Abstract Edgar Allan Poe was a writer in the â€Å"Gothic Era†, many of his stories genres are horror like â€Å" The Masque of The Red Death†, mystery such as â€Å" The Fall of The House of Usher†, lost love as in â€Å" The Raven†, and obsession such as â€Å" The Pit and The Pendulum†. Edgar’s poemsRead MoreFall of the House of Usher Literary Analysis Essay1325 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis As with many of Edgar Allan Poes pieces, The Fall of the House of Usher falls within the definition of American Gothic Literature. According to Prentice Hall Literature, American Gothic Literature is characterized by a bleak or remote setting, macabre or violent incidents, characters being in psychological or physical torment, or a supernatural or otherworldly involvement (311). A story containing these attributes can result in a very frightening or morbid read. In all probabilityRead MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher1243 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Fall Of The House Of Usher:† The Mysterious Family In the story â€Å" The Fall of the House of Usher† by Edgar Allan Poe, has an American romanticism with its characters. Edgar Allan Poe is considered a Dark Romanticism because of the way he writes his poems and short stories centered around the concept of evil human nature, darkness, and death. Roderick and Madeline Usher were said to be related during the middle of the story; they were twins. It explained how they were sick, Roderick had a mentalRead MoreThe Fall Of The House Of Usher1133 Words   |  5 Pagesthe story â€Å" The Fall of the House of Usher† by Edgar Allan Poe, has american romanticism with the characters. Edgar Allan Poe is considered a Dark Romanticism because of his poems and short stories centered around the ideas of evil human nature, darkness, and death. Roderick Usher and Madeline were that kind of person in this story; they were twins. There were sick; Roderick had mental disorder and physically and Madeline was physically sick. As the narra tor enters the desolate house, he finds bothRead MoreGothic Literature : Edgar Allan Poe928 Words   |  4 PagesGothic is a term associated with a plethora of authors, a few names that arise in the mind when mentioning the genre’s influence on American grounds are William Faulkner (associated with the sub-genre Southern Gothic), Washington Irving and the ever-so-famous Edgar Allan-Poe. The latter being known as one of the prominent authors of American Gothicism. Poe, just like every great author, had his influences in Gothicism. First of all, Gothic is a term in literature that describes a combination ofRead More A Critical Essay on Edgar Allan Poe’s The Fall of the House of Usher (1839)1760 Words   |  8 Pages‘architecture and settings are more important in Gothic fiction than in any other type of literature.’ (Zamfir. 2011: 15). The nature of architectural space performs a significant role within the narrative structure of Gothic fiction as it cre ates and builds layers of imagery that signify the horrific and gloomy; a construction full of atmosphere and suspense. It was the Gothic writer Horace Walpole (1717-1797) who first illustrated in his Gothic novel The Castle of Otranto (1764) an example symbolicRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe Research Paper931 Words   |  4 PagesHonors 13 February 2012 Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe was a sick man that went through a troubling life full of tragedies. For Poe to deal with this he drank and poured his feelings into his works. Honestly as horrible it is that he had to go through all of that we should be grateful because without his suffering these masterpieces wouldn’t have been fabricated. While intensifying his philosophy for short stories Edgar Allan Poe wrote â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† reflecting the characteristicsRead MoreArgumentative Essay On The Fall Of The House Of Usher1169 Words   |  5 PagesShining and It on his resume. However, King would be nothing if it weren’t for the tortured, Edgar Allan Poe(1809-1849). Poe’s works seem to project the monsters and ghosts which lived inside him, through his awful, short life. Poe writings are woven tightly with language holding hidden meanings and psychological anguish. Argumentary the most famous work of Poe is The Fall of the House of Usher(The House of U sher), as the short story incorporates every trope of modern horror, important among these isRead More A Critical Essay on Edgar Allan Poe’s The Fall of the House of Usher (1839)2193 Words   |  9 Pagessettings are more important in Gothic fiction than in any other type of literature.’ (Zamfir. 2011: 15). The execution and the nature of architectural space performs a significant role within the narrative structure of Gothic fiction as it creates and builds layers of imagery that signify the horrific and gloomy. This is illustrative of a building construction, one in which creates an atmosphere of suspense, a prominent aspect to the Gothic fiction genre. It was the Gothic writer Horace Walpole (1717-1797)

Cultural Intelligence and Intercultural Competency

Question: Discuss about the Cultural Intelligence and Intercultural Competency. Answer: Introduction: The scope of the current journal has provided a gateway through which distinguish culture criterion has been marked and has opened more roads for globalization for expatriates of companies. The numerous significance and method required to recognize cross cultural transition has been developed by the Journal Ying Zhang Edward Oczkowski(2016)(Zhang, 2016). Therefore, the journal defines sum of cultural intelligence (CQ), cross cultural adjustments (CCA) and job position acquired on experience, requirement and qualifications. The various steps to develop the relationship for the views taken in the cultural background, has been given by modeling procedure. This journal has given the statistics to compute the difference of operational and behind the estimated cost(Koo Moon, 2012). Reasons behind the cultural gap between Australia and China have been gathered through various actions. The detailed journal entry will aid the more deep study. A study of cross cultural analysis had been carried out by Geert Hofstedes in 2001.His studies resulted in great involvement of cross cultural communication between different countries on basis of their features(Rose, 2010). Hofstedes through his cross cultural analytical factors depicted various quotients against which a countrys culture can be measured. The hurdles and challenges faced by expatriates in other countries, when they are forced to cross cultural situations which later shows various collisions on their work performance. The study researched to understand and develop the relationship between cultural intelligence (CQ), cross cultural adjustments (CCA). The intension behind this study is to spread research beyond cross culture to apply it on expatriates. Detail case study of this helps for deep relationship between CQ and CCA in different way(Wu, 2011). The nature of this study is absolutely exclusive in its personality as being conducted for the first time and which has high scope to understand relation between CQ and CCA. In the case study, data has been gathered along with calculated examination to come to understand the motive behind the study. Various steps like structural equation, modeling techniques have been used to come to the conclusion of the theory(Chen, 2010). Techniques used to collect study data in many ways like conducting programs, via media, door to door survey, to understand people view on study of journal to cross culture face by expatriates in various countries. Satisfaction is the main element for the finishing of any type of study. The planning to study and research of journal is to find the way through which we can remove the hurdle and develop the ways to deepen the relationship between cultural intelligence (CQ), cross cultural adjustments (CCA). Fornell and Larcker (1981) who found the study to be logical made latest addition to model of first order rechecking it(Molinsky, 2007). To understand primary goal of study to develop relationship between CQ and CCQ programs was conducted. Challenges in the activity Many challenges was faced in the study and conducting programs for to developing and understanding the relationship between cultural intelligence (CQ), cross cultural adjustments (CCA). In order to formulate and attend answer to the questions, there were a multitude of issues faced. There are problems faced by expatriates in different countries one being while conducting program and getting stuck in concluding and choosing the measures for the study. The unawareness and lack of knowledge which pertains between lack in relationship between CQ and CCQ is the main objective behind the study. To figure out the study of journal for the problems faced by expatriates in different countries which effects their job position because of difference in cultural intelligence (CQ), cross cultural adjustments (CCA) was extremely lengthy and was difficult to figure out. Journal was so lengthy which required too much extended time and therefore to come to conclusion were difficult. Hence, finally study of this journal and its conclusion was carried on method of sample size to make it more convenient. Bigger the sample size more the problems to carry out reasons and problem analysis. So best way was to conduct programs more on theoretical base then to practical, for example survey method, through emailing and so on. The study of cultural difference between Australia and China which faced problem has been found. Expatriates need to get through knowledge to understand the cross-cultural differences which is main factor for them to stick to their job in other countries. Countries are based on of psychological feeling, so there for survival to the work countries expatriate need to develop more knowledge and acceptance of their work culture and social culture differs from their own country. So, finally study of journal helps the expatriate to find factors for relationship between cultural intelligence (CQ), cross cultural adjustments (CCA). Reference Lists Chen, G. K. (2010). When does cross-cultural motivation enhance expatriate effectiveness? A multilevel investigation of the moderating roles of subsidiary support and cultural distance. Academy of Management Journal, 1110-1130. Koo Moon, H. K. (2012). Previous international experience, cross?cultural training, and expatriates' cross?cultural adjustment: Effects of cultural intelligence and goal orientation. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 285-330. Molinsky, A. (2007). Cross-cultural code-switching: The psychological challenges of adapting behavior in foreign cultural interactions. Academy of Management Review, 622-640. Rose, R. C. (2010). Expatriate performance in international assignments: The role of cultural intelligence as dynamic intercultural competency. International Journal of Business and Management, 76. Wu, P. C. (2011). The impact of expatriate supporting practices and cultural intelligence on cross-cultural adjustment and performance of expatriates in Singapore. . The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2683-2702. Zhang, Y. . (2016). Exploring the potential effects of expatriate adjustment direction. Cross Cultural Strategic Management, 158-183.

Modernism in British and Irish literature Essay Example For Students

Modernism in British and Irish literature Essay The modernist period in British and Irish literature was one of the most important and exciting times in literary history. The term modernist stemmed from the beginning of the 20th century labelled the modern period. The modern period was a time of confusion and transitions, mostly due to the result of people returning from World War I. The modern period was an era of massive unemployment and technological changes. Freud, Jung, and Marx were redefining human identity, Assembly lines and factories were being introduced, and gender differences were starting to crumble. The modern period was a time of change, and the field of Literature was no exception. Susan Gorsky, in her book titled Virginia Woolf, states that Virginia Woolf perhaps spoke for the writers coming of age around WWI: We are sharply cut off from our predecessors. A shift in the scale the sudden slip of masses held in position for ages has shaken the fabric from top to bottom, alienated us from the past and made us per haps too vividly conscious of the present. (Virginia Woolf, 280). The continuous change in life and the constant shift in the scale forced writers to take a new approach to literature, creating some of the most read work of the twentieth century. Modernist authors of the twentieth century reinvented literature. Instead of placing the main focus of storytelling on the story itself, they went one step further and based their novels on the concepts of truth, and the understanding of self. They explored the ideas of consciousness, alienation, and inner conflict within the mind, and asked important questions of the reader while testing the boundaries of the soul. Susan Gorsky, perfectly defines literary modernism, in her book Virginia Woolf In striving to present the rapid and often disturbing changes in their world, the writers of this era felt it essential to reform their means of expression. Poetry, Drama, and fiction were subjected to intensive scrutiny and extensive redefinition, producing some of the most unusual and often difficult literary creations in English: Eliots Wasteland, Yeats Plays for Dancers, and the fiction of Joyce and Lawrence is some examples. Modernist literature reflects in its structure as well as in its content the overturning of tradition; the instances upon new design produced plays and stories without plots or recognizably human characters, poems without rhyme or meter(16, 17). The Modernist author was able to identify with their audience by creating stories that not only asked important questions, but also got under the readers skin. In George Orwells essay titled Inside the Whale, he addresses the fact that James Joyces Ulysses is remarkable due to the fact of its commonplaceness of its material. (Inside The Whale and Other Essays, 11). The reader is able to put themselves in the characters shoes, the characters are very three dimensional, and like modern life their stories are not so much like a fairy tales, as they are of everyday life. The character Joyce creates in Ulysses enters many different states of consciousness, dream states, drunkenness. demonstrating the ability modern literature has in relating the ideas of consciousness, in a way that the reader would be able to identify with. Orwell goes further to say that Ulysses was filled with a Whole world of stuff which you supposed to be of its nature incommunicable, and somebody has managed to communicate it. The effect is to break down, at any rate momentarily, the solitude in which the human being lives.(12) Joyce, like many authors of his time experimented with new forms of style, and In Writing Ulysses Joyce modernized Homers classic the Odyssey. The Modernist took the old and made new. .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 , .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 .postImageUrl , .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 , .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335:hover , .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335:visited , .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335:active { border:0!important; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335:active , .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335 .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7733ebddb14080d289e01da613200335:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What is British Culture? EssayThe Glossary of Literary terms 5th edition by M.H Abrams, defines modernism as The term that is often used to identify what are considered to be distinctive features in the concepts, sense of form, and style of literature and art since World War I (1914-1918). The specific features signified by modernism vary with the user, but most critics agree it involves a deliberate and radical break with some of the traditional base of western culture and of Western art. (Glossary of Literary Terms, 108). Modernist writers of the early twentieth century wanted to break away from tradition and make new. In the this time of radical change, people felt no ties with the writings of the past, and although it is important to keep tradition, and though many important modernist authors, and critics (such as T.S. Eliot, or Harold Bloom) viewed tradition as an essential part of any literature, most authors wanted to free themselves from the constraints of past writers and traditional literature. Virginia Woolf once wrote that if a writer were a free man and not a slave, if he could base his work upon his own feeling and not upon convention, there would be no plot, no comedy, no love interest or catastrophe in the accepted style, and perhaps not a single button sewn on as the Bond street tailors would have it. Life is not a series of Gig-Lamps symmetrically arranged; life is a luminous halo, a semi- transparent envelope surrounding us from the beginning of consciousness to the end. (Virginia Woolf, 34). Virginia Woolf felt that a writer was bound to tradition and was a Slave to convention, when really all she wanted to do was write for the s ake of writing not for the sake of the story itself. Woolf and some of her contemporaries felt that an artist should write for the sake of art, not for the sake of the story. She felt that the modernists needed to break away from the convention of the accepted style and write only for the sake of art. In his essay Inside the Whale, George Orwell argues the idea of writing art for arts sake. When discussing the modernists Orwell points out that what is noticeable about all these writers is what purpose they have is very much in the air. There is no attention to the urgent problems of the moment, above all no politics in the narrower sense. When one looks back at the twenties, nothing is queerer then the way which every important event in Europe escaped the notice of English intelligentsia. Literature was supposed to consist solely in the manipulation of words. To judge a book by its subject matter was an unforgivable sin, and even to be aware of its subject matter was looked on as a lapse of taste. (Inside The Whale 27-28). This was very interesting to read due to the fact that most of the subject matter of the modernist theories dealt mainly with the idea of alienation and the inner self. Many of the modern writers overlooked writing about world events, as their stories were for t he sake of art and art alone. Susan Gorskys in her book Virginia Woolf, points out that Woolf once argued in an essay entitled The Narrow Bridge Of Art That art no longer serves the modern writers as it has their predecessors, because the mind us full of monstrous, hybrid, unimaginable emotions. That the age of the earth is 3,000,000,000 years; that the human life lasts a second; that the capacity of the human mind is nevertheless boundless; that life is infinitely beautiful yet repulsive, that ones fellow creatures are adorable but disgusting; that science and religion have between them destroyed belief; it is in this atmosphere of doubt and conflict that writers have now to create.(Virginia Woolf, 31). The nature of life and death, man versus nature and alienation, occupied the minds of the modernist writers, and the purpose of the modernist literature seemed to be that though art never improves (Virginia Woolf) it is always changing. The modernist period proved that literature ha d been stagnant for too long, and the purpose of the literary modernist movement was to inspire, and create, to make new. .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 , .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 .postImageUrl , .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 , .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8:hover , .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8:visited , .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8:active { border:0!important; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8:active , .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8 .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u80f03014208195569cd77d134db8d6e8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: British imperialism in africa EssayThe world of modernism is still an exciting world to visit, even today. Though some of the ideas no longer seem new to us, one must imagine what it must have been like to live in a world of so much change and creation. To imagine what it would have been like to read a literary work of James Joyce, Ezra Pound, T.S Eliot, or Virginia Woolf, for the first time, and honestly say you had never in your life read anything remotely similar, as. Writers alike stepped away from traditional values, and radically changed the rules of perception, and literature, as we now know it. Without the modernist period, many of the great authors, painters, and musicians of the world today may not have been inspired, and life as a whole would have suffered. Modernism is a very important, not only in the history of Literature, but in humanity itself.